• Critical Reading for College and Beyond
• CHAPTER THREE
• CHAPTER GOALS
After learning Chapter 3, you should be able to demonstrate:
After learning Chapter 3, you should be able to demonstrate:
• The three stages of the memory process and how they work.
• Your understanding of why you can forget what you read or hear.
• Strategies that will help you remember what you read.
• What Is Memory?
• Memory is the process of storing and retrieving information.
• The three stages are sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
• Sensory
The First Stage of Memory
The First Stage of Memory
• Information enters your brain via senses
– sight, sound, taste, touch, smell.
• Need to pay attention to whatever you intend to remember.
• Use your senses to help you remember.
• This stage is very short term, 20-30 seconds.
– Short-Term
The Second Stage of Memory
The Second Stage of Memory
• Must intend to remember .
• This stage holds between five to seven bits of information.
• Chunking strategy works well at this stage.
• This stage is temporary; lasts several minutes only, unless you consciously do something to retain the information.
• Long-Term
The Third Stage of Memory
The Third Stage of Memory
• You must understand the information in order to remember it.
• Information must be organized in a meaningful way in order to be retained in and retrieved from long-term memory.
• Mnemonics help with retrieval.
• Actively Learn New Information
• Create a memory matrix.
• Draw a picture.
• Connect new information to what you already know.
• Go beyond textbook information.
• Teach it.
• Review it.
• Create a mnemonic.
• Mnemonics are Retrieval Strategies
• Key Words
• Acronyms
• Acrostics
• Rhymes
• Songs
• Pictures
• DRINK LOTS OF WATER
• Chapter Vocabulary
• memory
• acronym
• key word
• mnemonic
• long-term memory
• acrostic
• memory cue
• rote learning
• short-term memory
• sensory memory
• chunking
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