Affixes
Suffixes
-able, -ible, -ile: (form adjs) able to, fit to, worthy, capable; apt to; subject to being ~-ed
-ac: one affect with
-ac, -al, -ane, -ar, -ary, -ch, -ese, -ic, -ical, -id, -ile, -ine, -ish, -ory: like, of, pertaining to; characterized by
-aceae: families of plants
-aceous, -ous: resemblance to a substance; full of
-acy, -age, -ance, -ancy, -asm, -dom, -ence, -ency, -hood, -ism, -ity, -ment, -mony, -ness, -ry, -ship, -th, -tude, -ty, -ure, -y: (form nouns) state, condition, quality of being; result
-acy, -ate, -dom, -ric, -ship: (form nouns) rank, office, jurisdiction, dominion
-ade: product; action
-age: place of; house
-age: rate of; charge
-age, -ion, -sion, -tion, -ment, -ure: (form nouns) act of; thing done, process
-age, -ry: (form nouns) persons or things collectively; measure of; collection of
-al: action or result of; process
-algia: pain
-an, -ant, -ar, -ard, -art, -ary, -aster, -ate, -ean, -ee, -eer, -ent, -er, -ic, -iff, -ist, -ite, -ive, -or, -ster, -yte: (form nouns) one who acts, one who is
-an, -ean, -ian: adherent to; citizen of; language of; relating to, characteristic of
-ana, -iana: collection
-ance, -ancy: state, quality of being; action, process; degree
-androus: man
-ant, -ent: (form adjs) being, belonging to; performing
-archy: government
-ary: related, connected to
-ary, -ery, -ory, -ry: (form nouns) place where, place which
-ary, -ice, -ment, -mony, -ory: (form nouns) thing which
-ate: salt, ester for acid (substitute for -ic)
-ate, -en, -fy, -ish, -ise, -ize: (form verbs) to make; to put; to take; cause
-ate, -ful, -lent, -ose, -ous, -some, -y: (form adjs) full of, abundant; having
-ation: process, action; state of
-ative: related, connected to; tending
-biosis: life
-blast: bud, germ, cell
-carpous: fruit
-cele: hollow, tumor
-celli, -cello: little
-cephalic, -cephalous: head
-chrome: color, colored
-cide, -cidal: kill, killing
-cle, -cule, -el, -en, -et, -ie, -kin, -le, -let, -ling, -ock, -ot, -ule, -y: (form nouns) little, diminutive
-coccus: berry-shaped
-coele, -coel: cavity
-cracy/-ocracy, -crat/-ocrat: government, rule; ruler
-dendron: tree
-derm, -derma, -dermo: skin, covering
-dom: domain, office, jurisdiction
-drome: large place; racing place
-dromous: running
-eae: names of sub-orders in botany
-ed: (form adjs from nouns) having
-ed: past, past participle of regular verbs
-ee: one who is object of the verb
-ee: small kind of ~; something suggestive of a ~
-eer: one skilled, engaged in
-emia, -aemia, -hemia, -haemia: blood
-en (form verbs) to cause to, to become, to make
-en: (form adjs) made of; belonging to
-en: plural form of some nouns
-en, -n, -ne: past participle of some irregular verbs
-ene: belonging to; carbon
-er: a little; often
-er: comparative form of adjective
-er: having as characteristic
-er: the thing contained; inhabitant of, native
-er, -or: producer, agent; one that is
-erel: little
-erly, -ward, -wards: (form adverbs) direction
-ern: (form adjs) direction
-ery, -ry: condition or behavior of; location of; aggregate
-escent (adjs), -escence (nouns): growing, becoming; incipient state, beginning
-escent: reflecting light
-ese: member, native, style, language of
-ese: originating in ~
-esque: (form adjs) belonging to; like, having the properties, manner of
-ess: noun of female sex
-est: superlative form of adjective; second person singular present of some irregular verbs
-eth: third person singular of some irregular verbs
-ette: compact; imitation; feminine
-fid: split
-fuge, fugal: making flee, run away from
-ful: holding all it can, full of; amount that fills
-ful: providing ~; characterized by; tending to
-gamy: marriage; possession
-gen, -genous, -geny, -gony: bearing, producing, giving birth; producer
-gnomy, -gnosis: knowledge
-gon: angled
-gonium: seed
-grade: walking
-gram, -graph, -graphy: writing; record
-hedral, -hedron: side, many-sided
-hood: period of a condition, state; membership
-ia: things belonging to; territory
-ia, -iasis: disease
-ia, -ious: class, order or genus of plants and animals
-iatrics, -iatry: medical treatment
-ic: acid containing most oxygen
-ic: having the properties of, related, in the manner of; using ~; affected with ~
-ic: one having the nature of; producer
-ics, -ism, -ry, -ure: thing relating to a system, practice, art, science; pecularity, characteristic(s)
-idae, -adae, -ides: descendent
-ide, -ides (plural): chemical combination
-idean, -ides, -eides, -oides: (preceded by `o') resemblance, likeness to
-ify, -fy: (form verbs) to make ~; make similar to
-ine: chemical compound
-ine: female
-ine: made of
-ing: imperative ending of regular verbs
-ing: something made of such material; activity, process; noun referring to verb
-ior: more
-ique: belonging to
-ish: person of, language of
-ish, -like, -ly: (form adjs) somewhat like, becoming; relating to
-isk: little
-ism: practice of; doctrine of, theory; act, process; state, condition
-ist: skilled in, specialist; practicing ~, believer
-ite: acid (-ous) combination
-ite: body part
-ite: one who; adherent, member, inhabitant; that which; product
-ite: stone, mineral
-itious: having the characteristic of
-itis: inflammation of an organ, disease; excessive enthusiasm
-ity: state, condition, quality of being; degree
-ive: able to do, capable; doing, tending
-ix: female
-ization: action, result of making ~
-ize, -ise: (form verbs) to make ~, to subject to ~; cause to be, be like; become, adopt manner
-kin: little; son of
-kind: kind; race
-kinesis: division; movement
-le: often (verb), little (noun)
-lepsy: seizure, fit
-less: without, deprived; unable
-let: small, unimportant; thing worn on ~
-like: like, resembling
-ling: minor, offspring, one having quality of ~
-lite, -lith: stone, mineral
-logy: science of, study of, theory; list
-ly: in a manner of, having the qualities of, like; to a degree
-ly: recurring regularly
-lysis, -lyte: dissolving; disintegration
-machy: battle, fight
-mancy, -mantic: foretelling
-mania, -maniac: craving
-mere, -merous: part
-meter, -metry: measure; instrument
-morphic, -morphous: shape
-most: superlative form of adjective
-mycete: fungus
-nomy: science of, law of
-odont: tooth of ~ nature
-odynia: pain
-oecium, -oecious: flowers' stamens and pistils in botany
-oid: like, resembling
-oid: likeness, resemblance
-oma: tumor
-on: unit, particle
-on, -one, -oon: (form nouns) large
-opia: eye, sight condition
-opsia: sight
-opsis: appearance; thing resembling ~
-ous: acid compound with less oxygen (than -ic)
-ous, -ious: having the properties of; full of
-pathy: suffering, disease; type of medical treatment
-pennale: wing
-phage, -phagous, -phagia, -phagy: eating, eater
-phany: manifestation
-phobe: one fearing ~
-phobia: fear of ~
-phobic: fearing; lacing affinity for
-phone, -phony: sound, transmitting sound
-phonia: speech disorder
-phyllous: leafed, leaflike
-phyte: plant; diseased growth
-plasia, -plasy, -plasis: growth, formation
-plasm: formed matter
-plast: cell
-plegia: paralysis
-plerous: wing
-red: state, condition; those who
-rrhagia, -rrhagic, -rrhea: flow
-saur: lizard
-scope, -scopy: observation; observing instrument
-se: to make
-sect, -section: cut, divide; divided
-ship: state or condition of; rank, position; skill; group participating in ~
-soma, -some: body
-sophy: wisdom, knowledge
-sperm, -spermous: seed
-ster: one who is involved in; one that is ~
-stichous: row
-stome, -stomous: mouth
-stress: female
-taxis, -taxy: order
-teen: ten, to be added to
-th: state, condition; act, process
-tomy: cutting; section
-trophy: feed, nutrition
-tropic: changing; attracted to ~
-tropous, -tropy: turning, turned, curving
-ty: quality, degree; condition
-ty: ten, to be multiplied by
-vorous: eating
-ward, -wards: in the direction of
-ways, -wise: in the manner of, in the direction of; way of being or acting
-y: somewhat like, rather, characterized by, tending
-y: state, condition; activity; group
-y, -ey: full of
-ac: one affect with
-ac, -al, -ane, -ar, -ary, -ch, -ese, -ic, -ical, -id, -ile, -ine, -ish, -ory: like, of, pertaining to; characterized by
-aceae: families of plants
-aceous, -ous: resemblance to a substance; full of
-acy, -age, -ance, -ancy, -asm, -dom, -ence, -ency, -hood, -ism, -ity, -ment, -mony, -ness, -ry, -ship, -th, -tude, -ty, -ure, -y: (form nouns) state, condition, quality of being; result
-acy, -ate, -dom, -ric, -ship: (form nouns) rank, office, jurisdiction, dominion
-ade: product; action
-age: place of; house
-age: rate of; charge
-age, -ion, -sion, -tion, -ment, -ure: (form nouns) act of; thing done, process
-age, -ry: (form nouns) persons or things collectively; measure of; collection of
-al: action or result of; process
-algia: pain
-an, -ant, -ar, -ard, -art, -ary, -aster, -ate, -ean, -ee, -eer, -ent, -er, -ic, -iff, -ist, -ite, -ive, -or, -ster, -yte: (form nouns) one who acts, one who is
-an, -ean, -ian: adherent to; citizen of; language of; relating to, characteristic of
-ana, -iana: collection
-ance, -ancy: state, quality of being; action, process; degree
-androus: man
-ant, -ent: (form adjs) being, belonging to; performing
-archy: government
-ary: related, connected to
-ary, -ery, -ory, -ry: (form nouns) place where, place which
-ary, -ice, -ment, -mony, -ory: (form nouns) thing which
-ate: salt, ester for acid (substitute for -ic)
-ate, -en, -fy, -ish, -ise, -ize: (form verbs) to make; to put; to take; cause
-ate, -ful, -lent, -ose, -ous, -some, -y: (form adjs) full of, abundant; having
-ation: process, action; state of
-ative: related, connected to; tending
-biosis: life
-blast: bud, germ, cell
-carpous: fruit
-cele: hollow, tumor
-celli, -cello: little
-cephalic, -cephalous: head
-chrome: color, colored
-cide, -cidal: kill, killing
-cle, -cule, -el, -en, -et, -ie, -kin, -le, -let, -ling, -ock, -ot, -ule, -y: (form nouns) little, diminutive
-coccus: berry-shaped
-coele, -coel: cavity
-cracy/-ocracy, -crat/-ocrat: government, rule; ruler
-dendron: tree
-derm, -derma, -dermo: skin, covering
-dom: domain, office, jurisdiction
-drome: large place; racing place
-dromous: running
-eae: names of sub-orders in botany
-ed: (form adjs from nouns) having
-ed: past, past participle of regular verbs
-ee: one who is object of the verb
-ee: small kind of ~; something suggestive of a ~
-eer: one skilled, engaged in
-emia, -aemia, -hemia, -haemia: blood
-en (form verbs) to cause to, to become, to make
-en: (form adjs) made of; belonging to
-en: plural form of some nouns
-en, -n, -ne: past participle of some irregular verbs
-ene: belonging to; carbon
-er: a little; often
-er: comparative form of adjective
-er: having as characteristic
-er: the thing contained; inhabitant of, native
-er, -or: producer, agent; one that is
-erel: little
-erly, -ward, -wards: (form adverbs) direction
-ern: (form adjs) direction
-ery, -ry: condition or behavior of; location of; aggregate
-escent (adjs), -escence (nouns): growing, becoming; incipient state, beginning
-escent: reflecting light
-ese: member, native, style, language of
-ese: originating in ~
-esque: (form adjs) belonging to; like, having the properties, manner of
-ess: noun of female sex
-est: superlative form of adjective; second person singular present of some irregular verbs
-eth: third person singular of some irregular verbs
-ette: compact; imitation; feminine
-fid: split
-fuge, fugal: making flee, run away from
-ful: holding all it can, full of; amount that fills
-ful: providing ~; characterized by; tending to
-gamy: marriage; possession
-gen, -genous, -geny, -gony: bearing, producing, giving birth; producer
-gnomy, -gnosis: knowledge
-gon: angled
-gonium: seed
-grade: walking
-gram, -graph, -graphy: writing; record
-hedral, -hedron: side, many-sided
-hood: period of a condition, state; membership
-ia: things belonging to; territory
-ia, -iasis: disease
-ia, -ious: class, order or genus of plants and animals
-iatrics, -iatry: medical treatment
-ic: acid containing most oxygen
-ic: having the properties of, related, in the manner of; using ~; affected with ~
-ic: one having the nature of; producer
-ics, -ism, -ry, -ure: thing relating to a system, practice, art, science; pecularity, characteristic(s)
-idae, -adae, -ides: descendent
-ide, -ides (plural): chemical combination
-idean, -ides, -eides, -oides: (preceded by `o') resemblance, likeness to
-ify, -fy: (form verbs) to make ~; make similar to
-ine: chemical compound
-ine: female
-ine: made of
-ing: imperative ending of regular verbs
-ing: something made of such material; activity, process; noun referring to verb
-ior: more
-ique: belonging to
-ish: person of, language of
-ish, -like, -ly: (form adjs) somewhat like, becoming; relating to
-isk: little
-ism: practice of; doctrine of, theory; act, process; state, condition
-ist: skilled in, specialist; practicing ~, believer
-ite: acid (-ous) combination
-ite: body part
-ite: one who; adherent, member, inhabitant; that which; product
-ite: stone, mineral
-itious: having the characteristic of
-itis: inflammation of an organ, disease; excessive enthusiasm
-ity: state, condition, quality of being; degree
-ive: able to do, capable; doing, tending
-ix: female
-ization: action, result of making ~
-ize, -ise: (form verbs) to make ~, to subject to ~; cause to be, be like; become, adopt manner
-kin: little; son of
-kind: kind; race
-kinesis: division; movement
-le: often (verb), little (noun)
-lepsy: seizure, fit
-less: without, deprived; unable
-let: small, unimportant; thing worn on ~
-like: like, resembling
-ling: minor, offspring, one having quality of ~
-lite, -lith: stone, mineral
-logy: science of, study of, theory; list
-ly: in a manner of, having the qualities of, like; to a degree
-ly: recurring regularly
-lysis, -lyte: dissolving; disintegration
-machy: battle, fight
-mancy, -mantic: foretelling
-mania, -maniac: craving
-mere, -merous: part
-meter, -metry: measure; instrument
-morphic, -morphous: shape
-most: superlative form of adjective
-mycete: fungus
-nomy: science of, law of
-odont: tooth of ~ nature
-odynia: pain
-oecium, -oecious: flowers' stamens and pistils in botany
-oid: like, resembling
-oid: likeness, resemblance
-oma: tumor
-on: unit, particle
-on, -one, -oon: (form nouns) large
-opia: eye, sight condition
-opsia: sight
-opsis: appearance; thing resembling ~
-ous: acid compound with less oxygen (than -ic)
-ous, -ious: having the properties of; full of
-pathy: suffering, disease; type of medical treatment
-pennale: wing
-phage, -phagous, -phagia, -phagy: eating, eater
-phany: manifestation
-phobe: one fearing ~
-phobia: fear of ~
-phobic: fearing; lacing affinity for
-phone, -phony: sound, transmitting sound
-phonia: speech disorder
-phyllous: leafed, leaflike
-phyte: plant; diseased growth
-plasia, -plasy, -plasis: growth, formation
-plasm: formed matter
-plast: cell
-plegia: paralysis
-plerous: wing
-red: state, condition; those who
-rrhagia, -rrhagic, -rrhea: flow
-saur: lizard
-scope, -scopy: observation; observing instrument
-se: to make
-sect, -section: cut, divide; divided
-ship: state or condition of; rank, position; skill; group participating in ~
-soma, -some: body
-sophy: wisdom, knowledge
-sperm, -spermous: seed
-ster: one who is involved in; one that is ~
-stichous: row
-stome, -stomous: mouth
-stress: female
-taxis, -taxy: order
-teen: ten, to be added to
-th: state, condition; act, process
-tomy: cutting; section
-trophy: feed, nutrition
-tropic: changing; attracted to ~
-tropous, -tropy: turning, turned, curving
-ty: quality, degree; condition
-ty: ten, to be multiplied by
-vorous: eating
-ward, -wards: in the direction of
-ways, -wise: in the manner of, in the direction of; way of being or acting
-y: somewhat like, rather, characterized by, tending
-y: state, condition; activity; group
-y, -ey: full of
Prefixes and Combining Forms
a-, ab-, abs-: from, away from
a-, an-: at, in, on; in such a manner, state, or condition
a-, an-: not, without, lacking
ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, al-, an-, ap-, as-, at-: to, toward, near
acanth-, acantho-: spiny, thorny
acous-: hearing
acr-, acro-: top; extremity, end
aden-, adeno-: gland
adren-, adreno-: adrenal gland
aer-, aero-: air, gas
all-, allo-: other, different
alti-, alto-: high
am-, amb-, ambi-, amphi-: both, both sides; round; about
amyl-, amylo-: starch
ana-: again; thorough, thoroughly
ana-, an-: up, upward; back, backward
andr-, andro-: man; male
anem-, anemo-: wind
ant-, ante-: before, prior, earlier; in front of
anthrop-, anthropo-: man
anti-, ant-, anth-: against, opposite; combating, defending
api-: bee
apo-, ap-: away; from; related
aqui-, aqua-: water
arbor-, arbori-: tree
arch-, archi-: chief, principal, supreme; extreme
arche-, archeo-, archae-, archaeo-: old, ancient
arteri-, arterio-: artery
arthr-, arthro-: joint
astr-, astro-, aster-: star
atmo-: vapor
audio-: hearing, sound
auto-: self-moving
avi-: bird
az-, azo-: nitrogenous
bacci-: berry
bacteri-, bacterio-: bacteria
bar-, baro-: weight, pressure
bath-, batho-, bathy-: deep, depth
be-: to make, cause; to take from
be-: on, over; against, across; thoroughly, excessively
bi-, bio-: life, living
bi-, bis-: twice, two, double, in two
biblio-: book
blephar-, blepharo-: eyelid, eyelash
bracchio-: arm
brachy-: short
brevi-: short
bronch-, broncho-, bronchi-, bronchio-: throat, lung
caco-: evil
calci-: lime
cardio-: heart
carpo-: fruit
cat-, cata-, cath-, cato-: down, downward, under; against; completeness, thorough, thoroughly
cen-, ceno-: new, recent
centi-: hundred
cephal-, cephalo-: head
cerebro-: brain
cervic-, cervico-, cervici-: neck
chiro-: hand
chlor-, chloro-: green
chol-, chole-, cholo-: bile
chondr-, chondri-, chondro-: cartilage
choreo-: dance
choro-: country
chrom-, chromo-, chromato-: color, colored
chron-, chrono-: time
chrys-, chryso-: gold
circum-, circu-: around, about
cirr-, cirri-, cirro-: curl
cis-: on this side; near
cleisto-: closed
con-, co-, cog-, col-, com-, cor-: together, with; thorough, thoroughly
contra-: against, in opposition, contrasting, contrary
cosmo-: universe
counter-: against, in opposition; substitute
cranio-: skull
cruci-: cross
cry-, cryo-: cold
crypt-, crypto-: hidden
cupro-: copper; bronze
cyst-, cysti-, cysto-: bladder, sac
cyt-, cyto-: cell
dactyl-, dactylo-: finger, toe
de-: down, from, separation; not; reverse; remove; get of; derived
deca-, deci-, dec-, deka-, dek-: ten
demi-: half, part of
dent-, denti-, dento-: tooth
dentro-: three
derm-, derma- dermo-: skin
deut-, deuto-, deutero-: second
dextr-, dextro-: right side
di-: two
dia-, di-: through, across
digit-, digiti-: finger
dipl-, diplo-: double, twofold
dis-: exclude, remove; do opposite
dis-, dif-, di-: not, opposite; apart; two
dodeca-, dodec-: twelve
dors-, dorsi-, dorso-: back of body
dyna-, dynamo-: force, power
dys-, dis-: badly, difficult, hard; evil; abnormal
echin-, echino-: spine
ect-, ecto-: outside, external
ef-, e-, ec-: out, not, absent
el-, em-, en-: in, into, on, within
en-, em-: cause to be, to make; to surround, cover
encephal-, encephalo-: brain
end-, endo-: inside, within
ennea-: nine
ent-, ento-: inside, within
enter-, entero-: intestine
entomo-: insect
eo-: early, old
epi-, ep-: on, upon, beside, above; out, on the outside; during
equi-: equal, alike
erg-, ergo-: work
erythr-, erythro-: red
ethno-: race, nation
eu-: good, well; true
ex-, exo-: from; out, out of, outside, external; without; former
extra-: on the outside, external; beyond, in excess, additional, exceptionally
febri-: fever
ferri-, ferro-: iron
fibr-, fibro-: threadlike, fibrous
fissi-: split
fluvio-: river
for-: not; against, forth; away; prohibitive
fore-: before, early; in front of, front part of
gain-: against
galact-, galacto-: milk
gam-, gamo-: together; copulation
gastr-, gastro-, gastri-: stomach, eating
ge-, geo-: earth, land
gem-, gemmi-: bud
geront-, geronto-: old age
gloss-, glosso-: tongue; language
gluc-, gluco-, glyc-: sweet
glypto-, glyph-: carving
gon-, gono-: reproduction
grapho-: writing
gymn-, gymno-: naked
gynec-, gyneco-, gynaec-, gynaeco-: woman
hagi-, hagio-: holy
hal-, halo-: salt, sea
hapl-, haplo-: simple, single
hect-, hecto-: hundred
heli-, helio-: sun
helic-, helico-: spiral
hem-, hemo-, haem-, haemo-, haemato-, hema-: blood
hemi-: half
hepat-, hepato-: liver
hepta-, hept-: seven
hetero-, heter-: different, opposite, irregular, abnormal; another
hexa-, hex-: six
hist-, histo-: tissue
hodo-: path, way
hol-, holo-: whole, complete, total
hom-, homo-, homeo-: similar, same, alike
hydr-, hydro-: water, liquid
hyet-, hyeto-: rain
hygr-, hygro-: wet
hyl-, hylo-: matter
hymeno-: membrane
hyp-, hypo-: under, beneath; deficient, less than
hyper-: above, over, beyond, extreme; beyond 3 dimensions
hypn-, hypno-: sleep
hypso-: high
hyster-, hystero-: womb; hysteria
iatro-: medicine
ichthy-, ichthyo-: fish
igni-: fire
ile-, ileo-: end of small intestine
ilio-: upper hip bone, flank
in-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-: (form adjs) not, opposite
in-, il-, im-, ir-: (form nouns, verbs) in, into; on
infra-: under, beneath; within
inter-: between; among, in the midst
intra-: within, interior, between; on the outside; during
intro-: within; into, in
is-, iso-: equal, uniform; equality, similarity
juxta-: close to, near to, beside
kerat-, kerato-: cornea
kinesi-, kineto-: movement
labio-: lip
lact-, lacti-, lacto-: milk
laryng-, laryngo-: larynx, voice box
lepto-: slender
leuk-, leuko-, leuc- leuco-: white
lign-, ligni-, ligno-: wood
litho-: stone
log-, logo-: word, oral
luni-: moon
lyo-, lysi-: dissolving, dispersed
macr-, macro-: large; long
magni-: great
mal-, male-: bad, badly; ill; evil; abnormal, inadequate
malac-, malaco-: soft
mega-, megalo-, meg-: great, large; million
melan-, melano-: black, dark
mero-: part
mes-, meso-: middle, intermediate
meta-, met-: beyond; after; over; changed/transfered/substituted
metr-: measure
metr-, metro-: uterus
micr-, micro-: very small
mid-: middle, mean
mini-: very small, short
mis-: degrading, less, lack of; ill
mis-: divergence; defect; error, wrong, badly
mis-, miso-: hatred
mon-, mono-: one, alone, solitary, single
morph-, morpho-: shape, form
multi-, mult-: many, much
my-, myo-: muscle
myc-, myco-: fungus
myel-, myelo-: spinal cord, marrow
naso-: nose
nati-: birth
ne-, n-: no, not
ne-, neo-: new, recent; revived
necr-, necro-: dead body
nepho-: cloud
nephr-, nephro-: kidney
neur-, neuro-: nerve
nocti-: night
non-: not; reverse; unimportant, lacking
noso-: sickness
not-, noto-: back of body
nycto-: night
ob-, oc-, of-, o-, op-: in the way of; against; out, inverse
octa-, octo-, oct-: eight
ocul-, oculo-: eye
odont-, odonto-: tooth
of-, op-: against
oleo-: oil
olig-, oligo-: few
ombro-: rain
omni-: all
oneiro-: dream
ont-, onto-: being, organism
oo-, o-: egg
ophthalm-, ophthalmo-: eye
ornith-, ornitho-: bird
oro-: mouth
orth-, ortho-: straight
oste-, osteo-, ossi-: bone
oto-: ear
out-: behond, exceeding, surpassing; above
ov-, ovi-, ovo-: egg
over-: above, beyond, too much, excessive
oxy-: sharp; oxygen
pachy-: thick
pale-, paleo-, palae-, palaeo-: ancient, old
pan-, panto-: all, everything, group, whole; worldwide
para-, par-: close, beside; like, alike
para-, par-: unlike, contrary; abnormal, faulty
pari-: equal
path-, patho-: suffering, disease
ped-, pedo-: child
penta-, pente-, pent-: five
per-, pel-: through; thoroughly; by; for
peri-: round; about, enclosing
petr-, petri-, petro-: stone; petroleum
phago-: eating
phleb-, phlebo-: vein
phon-, phono-: sound, speech
phot-, photo-: light; photograph
phren-, phreno-: brain; diaphragm
phyll-, phyllo-: leaf
phylo-: species, organism
picr-, picro-: bitter
piezo-: pressure
pisci-: fish
plan-, plano-: flat; moving
pleur-, pleuro-: side of body, lateral
pluto-: wealth
pluvio-: rain
pneum-, pneumo-: respiration, lungs; air, gas
pneumat-, pneumato-: breath, vapor
poly-: many; excessive
post-: after, afterwards; behind, following, later
pre-, prae-: before, earlier, in advance, preparatory; priority
preter-: beyond, more than
primi-, prim-: first
pro-: favoring; taking the place of
pro-, por-, pur-: for, on the side of; front, forward, forth; before, earlier
pros-: to, towards, near; in front of
prot-, proto-: first, original; lowest
pseud-, pseudo-: false, spurious
psycho-, psycho-: mental; mind, spirit, soul
ptero-: wing
pulmo-: lung
pyo-: pus
pyr-, pyro-: fire, heat
quadri-, quadr-, quadru-: four
quinque-: five
re-: again, back; anew, a second time
recti-: straight
reni-, reno-: kidney
retro-: backward, back
rheo-: flow
rhin-, rhino-: nose
rhiz-, rhizo-: root
sacchar-, sacchari-, sacchro-: sugar
sacr-, sacro-: pelvic; above tailbone
sangui-: blood
sapr-, sapro-: dead, rotten; decaying
sarc-, sarco-: flesh, muscle
scelero-: hard
schisto-, shiz-, schizo-: split
se-: aside, apart; separating
seba-, sebo-: fatty
selen-, seleno-: moon
semi-: half; in part, incomplete
septi-: seven
sero-: serum, blood
sex-, sexi-: six
sider-, sidero-: star; iron
sine-: without
somat-, somato-: body
somn-: sleep
sperm-, spermo-, sperma-, spermi-, spermat-, spermato-: seed
spiro-: breath
stato-: resting position, equilibrium
stauro-: cross
stell-: star
sten-, steno-: short, narrow, close
stere-, stereo-: solid; multi-dimensional
stom-, stomo-: mouth
styl-, styli-, stylo-: style
styl-, stylo-: pillar
sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sus-: under; below, beneath; less, nearly, almost; secondary
subter-: beneath; under
super-, supra-, sur-: above, over, higher, in excess; very special, superior
syn-, sy-, syl-, sym-: with, together, at the same time
tachy-: rapid
taut-, tauto-: same
tele-, tel-, telo-: distant; electronic communication
teleo-: final, purpose
terra-: land, earth
the-, theo-: god
therm-, thermo-: heat
thromb-, thrombo-: blood clot
topo-: place, point
tox-, toxi-, toxo-: poison
trache-, tracheo-: windpipe
trans-, tra-: through; across, over, beyond, on the far side; from one place to another; change
tri-, tris-: three
ultra-: beyond; on the other side; extreme
un-: do opposite, reverse; release, remove
un-: not; the opposite of
undec-: eleven
under-: lower, beneath; too little
uni-: one, single
up-: aloft, on high, upwards
uter-, utero-: uterus, womb
vari-, vario-: different, diverse
vas-, vaso-: blood vessel
ventr-, ventro-: abdominal, belly
vice-: assisting, substituting, deputy
with-: from, opposing
xen-, xeno-: foreign, strange
zo-, zoo-: living, animal
zyg-, zygo-: double, pair, union; egg yolk
zym-, zymo-: enzyme, fermentation
a-, an-: at, in, on; in such a manner, state, or condition
a-, an-: not, without, lacking
ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, al-, an-, ap-, as-, at-: to, toward, near
acanth-, acantho-: spiny, thorny
acous-: hearing
acr-, acro-: top; extremity, end
aden-, adeno-: gland
adren-, adreno-: adrenal gland
aer-, aero-: air, gas
all-, allo-: other, different
alti-, alto-: high
am-, amb-, ambi-, amphi-: both, both sides; round; about
amyl-, amylo-: starch
ana-: again; thorough, thoroughly
ana-, an-: up, upward; back, backward
andr-, andro-: man; male
anem-, anemo-: wind
ant-, ante-: before, prior, earlier; in front of
anthrop-, anthropo-: man
anti-, ant-, anth-: against, opposite; combating, defending
api-: bee
apo-, ap-: away; from; related
aqui-, aqua-: water
arbor-, arbori-: tree
arch-, archi-: chief, principal, supreme; extreme
arche-, archeo-, archae-, archaeo-: old, ancient
arteri-, arterio-: artery
arthr-, arthro-: joint
astr-, astro-, aster-: star
atmo-: vapor
audio-: hearing, sound
auto-: self-moving
avi-: bird
az-, azo-: nitrogenous
bacci-: berry
bacteri-, bacterio-: bacteria
bar-, baro-: weight, pressure
bath-, batho-, bathy-: deep, depth
be-: to make, cause; to take from
be-: on, over; against, across; thoroughly, excessively
bi-, bio-: life, living
bi-, bis-: twice, two, double, in two
biblio-: book
blephar-, blepharo-: eyelid, eyelash
bracchio-: arm
brachy-: short
brevi-: short
bronch-, broncho-, bronchi-, bronchio-: throat, lung
caco-: evil
calci-: lime
cardio-: heart
carpo-: fruit
cat-, cata-, cath-, cato-: down, downward, under; against; completeness, thorough, thoroughly
cen-, ceno-: new, recent
centi-: hundred
cephal-, cephalo-: head
cerebro-: brain
cervic-, cervico-, cervici-: neck
chiro-: hand
chlor-, chloro-: green
chol-, chole-, cholo-: bile
chondr-, chondri-, chondro-: cartilage
choreo-: dance
choro-: country
chrom-, chromo-, chromato-: color, colored
chron-, chrono-: time
chrys-, chryso-: gold
circum-, circu-: around, about
cirr-, cirri-, cirro-: curl
cis-: on this side; near
cleisto-: closed
con-, co-, cog-, col-, com-, cor-: together, with; thorough, thoroughly
contra-: against, in opposition, contrasting, contrary
cosmo-: universe
counter-: against, in opposition; substitute
cranio-: skull
cruci-: cross
cry-, cryo-: cold
crypt-, crypto-: hidden
cupro-: copper; bronze
cyst-, cysti-, cysto-: bladder, sac
cyt-, cyto-: cell
dactyl-, dactylo-: finger, toe
de-: down, from, separation; not; reverse; remove; get of; derived
deca-, deci-, dec-, deka-, dek-: ten
demi-: half, part of
dent-, denti-, dento-: tooth
dentro-: three
derm-, derma- dermo-: skin
deut-, deuto-, deutero-: second
dextr-, dextro-: right side
di-: two
dia-, di-: through, across
digit-, digiti-: finger
dipl-, diplo-: double, twofold
dis-: exclude, remove; do opposite
dis-, dif-, di-: not, opposite; apart; two
dodeca-, dodec-: twelve
dors-, dorsi-, dorso-: back of body
dyna-, dynamo-: force, power
dys-, dis-: badly, difficult, hard; evil; abnormal
echin-, echino-: spine
ect-, ecto-: outside, external
ef-, e-, ec-: out, not, absent
el-, em-, en-: in, into, on, within
en-, em-: cause to be, to make; to surround, cover
encephal-, encephalo-: brain
end-, endo-: inside, within
ennea-: nine
ent-, ento-: inside, within
enter-, entero-: intestine
entomo-: insect
eo-: early, old
epi-, ep-: on, upon, beside, above; out, on the outside; during
equi-: equal, alike
erg-, ergo-: work
erythr-, erythro-: red
ethno-: race, nation
eu-: good, well; true
ex-, exo-: from; out, out of, outside, external; without; former
extra-: on the outside, external; beyond, in excess, additional, exceptionally
febri-: fever
ferri-, ferro-: iron
fibr-, fibro-: threadlike, fibrous
fissi-: split
fluvio-: river
for-: not; against, forth; away; prohibitive
fore-: before, early; in front of, front part of
gain-: against
galact-, galacto-: milk
gam-, gamo-: together; copulation
gastr-, gastro-, gastri-: stomach, eating
ge-, geo-: earth, land
gem-, gemmi-: bud
geront-, geronto-: old age
gloss-, glosso-: tongue; language
gluc-, gluco-, glyc-: sweet
glypto-, glyph-: carving
gon-, gono-: reproduction
grapho-: writing
gymn-, gymno-: naked
gynec-, gyneco-, gynaec-, gynaeco-: woman
hagi-, hagio-: holy
hal-, halo-: salt, sea
hapl-, haplo-: simple, single
hect-, hecto-: hundred
heli-, helio-: sun
helic-, helico-: spiral
hem-, hemo-, haem-, haemo-, haemato-, hema-: blood
hemi-: half
hepat-, hepato-: liver
hepta-, hept-: seven
hetero-, heter-: different, opposite, irregular, abnormal; another
hexa-, hex-: six
hist-, histo-: tissue
hodo-: path, way
hol-, holo-: whole, complete, total
hom-, homo-, homeo-: similar, same, alike
hydr-, hydro-: water, liquid
hyet-, hyeto-: rain
hygr-, hygro-: wet
hyl-, hylo-: matter
hymeno-: membrane
hyp-, hypo-: under, beneath; deficient, less than
hyper-: above, over, beyond, extreme; beyond 3 dimensions
hypn-, hypno-: sleep
hypso-: high
hyster-, hystero-: womb; hysteria
iatro-: medicine
ichthy-, ichthyo-: fish
igni-: fire
ile-, ileo-: end of small intestine
ilio-: upper hip bone, flank
in-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-: (form adjs) not, opposite
in-, il-, im-, ir-: (form nouns, verbs) in, into; on
infra-: under, beneath; within
inter-: between; among, in the midst
intra-: within, interior, between; on the outside; during
intro-: within; into, in
is-, iso-: equal, uniform; equality, similarity
juxta-: close to, near to, beside
kerat-, kerato-: cornea
kinesi-, kineto-: movement
labio-: lip
lact-, lacti-, lacto-: milk
laryng-, laryngo-: larynx, voice box
lepto-: slender
leuk-, leuko-, leuc- leuco-: white
lign-, ligni-, ligno-: wood
litho-: stone
log-, logo-: word, oral
luni-: moon
lyo-, lysi-: dissolving, dispersed
macr-, macro-: large; long
magni-: great
mal-, male-: bad, badly; ill; evil; abnormal, inadequate
malac-, malaco-: soft
mega-, megalo-, meg-: great, large; million
melan-, melano-: black, dark
mero-: part
mes-, meso-: middle, intermediate
meta-, met-: beyond; after; over; changed/transfered/substituted
metr-: measure
metr-, metro-: uterus
micr-, micro-: very small
mid-: middle, mean
mini-: very small, short
mis-: degrading, less, lack of; ill
mis-: divergence; defect; error, wrong, badly
mis-, miso-: hatred
mon-, mono-: one, alone, solitary, single
morph-, morpho-: shape, form
multi-, mult-: many, much
my-, myo-: muscle
myc-, myco-: fungus
myel-, myelo-: spinal cord, marrow
naso-: nose
nati-: birth
ne-, n-: no, not
ne-, neo-: new, recent; revived
necr-, necro-: dead body
nepho-: cloud
nephr-, nephro-: kidney
neur-, neuro-: nerve
nocti-: night
non-: not; reverse; unimportant, lacking
noso-: sickness
not-, noto-: back of body
nycto-: night
ob-, oc-, of-, o-, op-: in the way of; against; out, inverse
octa-, octo-, oct-: eight
ocul-, oculo-: eye
odont-, odonto-: tooth
of-, op-: against
oleo-: oil
olig-, oligo-: few
ombro-: rain
omni-: all
oneiro-: dream
ont-, onto-: being, organism
oo-, o-: egg
ophthalm-, ophthalmo-: eye
ornith-, ornitho-: bird
oro-: mouth
orth-, ortho-: straight
oste-, osteo-, ossi-: bone
oto-: ear
out-: behond, exceeding, surpassing; above
ov-, ovi-, ovo-: egg
over-: above, beyond, too much, excessive
oxy-: sharp; oxygen
pachy-: thick
pale-, paleo-, palae-, palaeo-: ancient, old
pan-, panto-: all, everything, group, whole; worldwide
para-, par-: close, beside; like, alike
para-, par-: unlike, contrary; abnormal, faulty
pari-: equal
path-, patho-: suffering, disease
ped-, pedo-: child
penta-, pente-, pent-: five
per-, pel-: through; thoroughly; by; for
peri-: round; about, enclosing
petr-, petri-, petro-: stone; petroleum
phago-: eating
phleb-, phlebo-: vein
phon-, phono-: sound, speech
phot-, photo-: light; photograph
phren-, phreno-: brain; diaphragm
phyll-, phyllo-: leaf
phylo-: species, organism
picr-, picro-: bitter
piezo-: pressure
pisci-: fish
plan-, plano-: flat; moving
pleur-, pleuro-: side of body, lateral
pluto-: wealth
pluvio-: rain
pneum-, pneumo-: respiration, lungs; air, gas
pneumat-, pneumato-: breath, vapor
poly-: many; excessive
post-: after, afterwards; behind, following, later
pre-, prae-: before, earlier, in advance, preparatory; priority
preter-: beyond, more than
primi-, prim-: first
pro-: favoring; taking the place of
pro-, por-, pur-: for, on the side of; front, forward, forth; before, earlier
pros-: to, towards, near; in front of
prot-, proto-: first, original; lowest
pseud-, pseudo-: false, spurious
psycho-, psycho-: mental; mind, spirit, soul
ptero-: wing
pulmo-: lung
pyo-: pus
pyr-, pyro-: fire, heat
quadri-, quadr-, quadru-: four
quinque-: five
re-: again, back; anew, a second time
recti-: straight
reni-, reno-: kidney
retro-: backward, back
rheo-: flow
rhin-, rhino-: nose
rhiz-, rhizo-: root
sacchar-, sacchari-, sacchro-: sugar
sacr-, sacro-: pelvic; above tailbone
sangui-: blood
sapr-, sapro-: dead, rotten; decaying
sarc-, sarco-: flesh, muscle
scelero-: hard
schisto-, shiz-, schizo-: split
se-: aside, apart; separating
seba-, sebo-: fatty
selen-, seleno-: moon
semi-: half; in part, incomplete
septi-: seven
sero-: serum, blood
sex-, sexi-: six
sider-, sidero-: star; iron
sine-: without
somat-, somato-: body
somn-: sleep
sperm-, spermo-, sperma-, spermi-, spermat-, spermato-: seed
spiro-: breath
stato-: resting position, equilibrium
stauro-: cross
stell-: star
sten-, steno-: short, narrow, close
stere-, stereo-: solid; multi-dimensional
stom-, stomo-: mouth
styl-, styli-, stylo-: style
styl-, stylo-: pillar
sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sus-: under; below, beneath; less, nearly, almost; secondary
subter-: beneath; under
super-, supra-, sur-: above, over, higher, in excess; very special, superior
syn-, sy-, syl-, sym-: with, together, at the same time
tachy-: rapid
taut-, tauto-: same
tele-, tel-, telo-: distant; electronic communication
teleo-: final, purpose
terra-: land, earth
the-, theo-: god
therm-, thermo-: heat
thromb-, thrombo-: blood clot
topo-: place, point
tox-, toxi-, toxo-: poison
trache-, tracheo-: windpipe
trans-, tra-: through; across, over, beyond, on the far side; from one place to another; change
tri-, tris-: three
ultra-: beyond; on the other side; extreme
un-: do opposite, reverse; release, remove
un-: not; the opposite of
undec-: eleven
under-: lower, beneath; too little
uni-: one, single
up-: aloft, on high, upwards
uter-, utero-: uterus, womb
vari-, vario-: different, diverse
vas-, vaso-: blood vessel
ventr-, ventro-: abdominal, belly
vice-: assisting, substituting, deputy
with-: from, opposing
xen-, xeno-: foreign, strange
zo-, zoo-: living, animal
zyg-, zygo-: double, pair, union; egg yolk
zym-, zymo-: enzyme, fermentation
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